The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Executive Functions, Impulsivity and Working Memory in Adults with Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder

Document Type : Original article

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of medical sciences,Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of medical sciences, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

10.22037/sjrm.2024.117366.3309

Abstract

Background and Aims: Executive functions, impulsivity, and working memory deficits are central characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Many adults with ADHD respond limitedly to pharmacological treatments, highlighting the need for targeted psychological interventions. This study evaluated the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in reducing impulsivity and improving executive functions and working memory in adults with ADHD.

Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of adults diagnosed with ADHD in Tabriz during the last quarter of 2023. Thirty individuals were selected through convenience sampling from two psychiatric outpatient clinics in Tabriz, and were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 15) or the control group (n = 15). The experimental group participated in eight weekly sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, following the protocols developed by Bowen and Marlatt. Data were collected using Bart's Impulsivity Scale, Barclay's Executive Functions Scale, Damine's and Carpenter's Working Memory Test, and Caner's Adult ADHD Rating Scales-self-report. The data was analyzed by analysis of covariance in SPSS-23.

Results: The results indicated that MBCT significantly improved overall executive functions (F = 68.48, P< 0.001), including its subcomponents (P < 0.01) and impulsivity (F= 53.18, P < 0.001). However, it did not significantly enhance working memory in adults with ADHD (F= 3.57, P = 0.070).

Conclusion: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy is an effective intervention for improving executive functions and reducing impulsivity in adults with ADHD.

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The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 30 December 2024

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History

  • Receive Date: 10 December 2024
  • Revise Date: 21 December 2024
  • Accept Date: 30 December 2024
  • First Publish Date: 30 December 2024

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